The Ohio State University Columbus, Ohio
Assistant Professor of Surgery Conquer Cancer, The ASCO Foundation The Ohio State University Columbus, Ohio
Determining if external stresses, combined with genetic ancestry, may influence a patient’s ability to complete treatment.
Breast cancer patients of Black race and African ancestry are more likely to die from their breast cancer than those of White race and European ancestry. An explanation for these racially and ancestry-based disparities in death include differences in rates of chemotherapy and radiation therapy completion. However, little is known about how the intersection of genetic ancestry and an individual’s biology impacts the rate of treatment completion. Dr. Obeng-Gyasi is interested in the role of stress—and the “wear and tear” it causes on the body—as one biological factor in treatment completion. Biomarkers of stress, referred to collectively as allostatic load, span multiple systems of the body including the cardiac, metabolic, immune, and neuroendocrine systems. Prior studies suggested associations between elevated allostatic load and Black race, more aggressive tumors, lower rates of chemotherapy completion, and worse overall survival. For her Conquer Cancer Advanced Clinical Research Award, Dr. Obeng-Gyasi and her team will pursue this further to see if allostatic load is a plausible influence in the relationship between genetic ancestry and treatment completion in breast cancer.
Genetic ancestry and allostatic load will be assessed in newly diagnosed self-reported Black and white patients with stages I-III breast cancer. These patients will subsequently be tracked to determine if they complete their chemotherapy and radiation therapy regimens. Should a relationship arise between genetic ancestry, allostatic load, and treatment completion, the team can pursue new interventions to improve treatment completion and subsequent survival among breast cancer patients of African ancestry.
Samilia Obeng-Gyasi, MD is a fellowship trained breast surgical oncologist. Her practice is focused on surgery for breast cancer and benign breast diseases. She obtained her B.S. in Biology (with highest distinction and departmental honors) from Indiana University-Bloomington and her MD from The University of Michigan. She completed her general surgery residency at the Cleveland Clinic and a Society of Surgical Oncology accredited breast surgical oncology fellowship at Duke University.
Due to her interest in health services research, after finishing her residency, she completed a Master’s in Public Health at the Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health. As a health services researcher with a focus in health equity, the overarching goal of her work is to understand how ancestry, social determinants of health, behavior and stress interact to influence cancer initiation and progression through the concept of allostatic load.
2022
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